Thanks to international projects, we develop, test, and verify new methods for the professionalization of the cultural and creative industry. By applying these methods in practice, it is possible to learn how to streamline processes, collaboration, and encourage creativity. Activities that are part of the implemented projects involve not only individuals and entities operating in the CCI but also other stakeholders such as the local citizens. This kind of participation is essential for the sustainable development of Košice.
It consists of research and analytical team, which map the public space and city’s services through data, and it aims to improve citizens‘ quality of life.
The Institute was created under Košice 2.0 project and is a part of the non-profit organization Creative Industry Košice.
CXI supports data-based decision-making through its activities; it identifies challenges and searches for ways to address them in cooperation with the city, universities, business, and civic sector.
Research teams Public Space, Data and Services are working together to meet CXI’s goals.
Citizen Experience and Well-being Institute (CXI) collects, analyzes, and processes data about citizens’ quality of life, public space, and the city’s services. It is interested in current research and good practices of cities worldwide. It studies new methods and ways of processing information focused on the urban environment.
CXI cooperates with public, educational, and scientific research institutions, as well as a business environment, non-profit and civic sectors. It uses participatory methods to engage and include citizens in the questions of the city’s development.
CXI uses creative methods that combine new technologies and art to collect, interpret, and visualize data.
CXI formulates the challenges and assignments for acceleration, innovation, and educational programs designed for citizens, entrepreneurs, and creatives.
We’ve selected several scientific articles from reputable journals for you. Read the full article by following the link provided.”
Authors: Marcela Káčerová, Kristina Slota, Slavomír Ondoš
Published in: Geografický časopis / Geographical Journal
Abstract: Migration plays a crucial role in reshaping regional socioeconomic disparities, particularly in post-socialist countries. This study examines migration patterns and their role in reinforcing spatial polarization in Slovakia. It aims to identify key economic, infrastructural, and demographic factors influencing migration trends and to assess their long-term impact on regional development. The study employs spatial panel econometric models to analyze district-level migration data in Slovakia spanning from 2002 to 2022. It utilizes migration efficiency indices, attraction efficiency indices, and gross migration balance rates in combination with economic variables: unemployment, GDP per capita, housing prices, and population structure. Spatial regression models account for spatial autocorrelation and interdependencies across districts. Findings indicate persistent west-east polarization, with Bratislava and western regions gaining population due to economic opportunities and suburbanization, while eastern Slovakia faces continued out-migration linked to economic stagnation and infrastructural deficiencies. Spatial effects show migration trends are significantly influenced by neighbouring districts, thus reinforcing cumulative regional advantages and disadvantages.
Authors: Vojtěch Przybyla, Slavomír Ondoš, Jaroslav Rusnák, Martin Plešivčák
Published in: Acta Geographica Universitatis Comenianae
Abstract: The electoral behaviour of voters is influenced by a variety of long-term and short-term conditions and events. Temporal trends are observed and quantitatively followed through pre-election polling published regularly in approximate monthly frequency. Our research objective in this study was to crosslink these observations with the basic economic fundamentals. Paper used data on parliamentary election polling in Slovakia systematically throughout two voting cycles, the former complete one starting with the 2012 election with one-party dominance and the later incomplete one starting with the 2016 election and progressing towards the nearest 2020 general election with a bit more fragmentation political parties. We employ the unemployment rate, which has ability to measure movements of the national economy along phases of its business cycle. We finally attempt to verify a hypothesis of a connection between the unemployment and the electoral behaviour. Our findings positively verify the existence of systematic linkages between the national economic context and political dynamics, quantified by regular pre-election polling. The highest dynamics of electoral preferences was recorded by the non-parliamentary party Kotleba-ĽSNS in various economic situations.
Authors: Slavomír Ondoš, Oto Hudec, Róbert Pollák, Michal Hladký
Published in: Cities
Abstract: This article discovers the unique dynamics shaping medium-sized cities (populations between 100,000 and 500,000) and addresses a less explored area: understanding how the balance between centralization and population density creates distinct urban forms. Medium-sized cities often exhibit a predominantly monocentric structure, with central hub concentrating economic activities, government services or cultural institutions. But as they expand, population density begins to shape more localized clusters of amenities in outlying areas, forming what we term a “flower structure.” In this setup, a central hub is surrounded by “petals” or clusters that each offer services close to home while staying connected to the city centre. This research positions medium-sized cities between the polycentricity often observed in larger urban centres and the monocentric patterns typical of smaller towns. Using Košice, Slovakia, as a case study, we employ regression models to trace how distance from the core and population density work together to shape these service clusters. The findings reveal a blend of centralized and decentralized spaces that offer practical accessibility in different parts of the city. This model encourages urban planners to think beyond a single core, opening up new strategies for the 15-minute city concept, which emphasizes self-sufficient neighbourhoods. The study also suggests a need for “interstitial development” to connect these clusters, creating a more cohesive, resilient city that supports the diverse needs of its residents.
Authors: Marcela KÁČEROVÁ, Slavomír ONDOŠ, Dagmar KUSENDOVÁ
Published in: Folia Geographica
Abstract: Regional disparities in secondary education present significant obstacles to equitable human capital development, particularly in areas where demographic decline and resource imbalances exacerbate the issue. This study examines the spatial and structural dynamics of secondary education enrollment in Slovakia, focusing on demographic and curricular factors. Using a random-effects spatial error model, we analyze panel data from districts over two decades (2003-2023). The model accounts for spatial interdependencies while addressing unobservable district-level heterogeneity. Specification tests confirm the model’s validity, demonstrating strong spatial autocorrelation in outcomes but minimal residual dependencies. The results indicate that secondary school enrollment clusters around urban districts, which consistently outperform rural areas. Youth and population density are the strongest predictors of enrollment, while curricular specialization also plays a critical role. Technical and medical programs positively impact enrollment, whereas agricultural and artistic programs show weaker effects. Interestingly, a higher proportion of university-educated residents correlates negatively with secondary enrollment, likely reflecting talent migration from rural districts. The results highlight the geographical clustering of high-performing districts in proximity to urban areas, influenced by demographic benefits and educational programs tailored to meet labor market demands. In contrast, remote regions face persistent challenges tied to structural and demographic disadvantages. Addressing these disparities will require strategic investments in digital infrastructure, curriculum modernization, and demographic stabilization policies.
Authors: Slavomír Ondoš, Žofia Sinčáková, Oto Hudec
Published in: Regional Statistics
Abstract: This study explores the spatial and economic shifts in Slovakia over the past three decades in the spatial organization of industrial economic activities. The economic industrial complexity approach is employed to examine the impact of market forces and historical legacies on the crash of the centrally controlled spatial equity organization of jobs and industries and the shift to a more uneven economic landscape. A long time series of data spanning more than 30 years in Slovakia revealed how the artificial territorial organization of job creation policies in each district, enabled by central state planning, has gradually disintegrated. The results display significant spatial divergence and inequality between the capital city and the rest of the country, as well as between urban and rural areas. Two contrasting cases of Bratislava and Košice, the two largest cities in the country, show different spatial relationships with their surrounding regions, explainable using backwash and spread effects. Since spatial and sectoral dynamics are interconnected, spatial shifts and industrial change occurred together. The emergence of creative and knowledge-based economic activities took place against the backdrop of old industrial policies. Košice, the second largest city in Slovakia, faces growing intraregional disparities, so it is worth examining at a micro level how its sectoral trajectory has shifted away from heavy industry thanks to investment in information and communication technology (ICT) and the successful European Capital of Culture project. The microscale of the city reveals patterns of the gradual occupation of territory by the creative sector, particularly by culture and arts, ICT firms and research and development (R&D) entities, exhibiting different locational behaviors.
Authors: Slavomír Ondoš, Žofia Sinčáková, Oto Hudec
Published in: The Creative Class Revisited: New Analytical Advances
Abstract: Greater economic complexity is related not only to diversification but also to the sophistication of production and the setting of diverse and unique knowledge that drives economic development. The Economic Complexity Index assessed in 79 districts of Slovakia has confirmed the growing dominance of agglomeration and the disadvantages of more peripheral regions. A long time series of data from the last 30 years has revealed how the artificial territorial organization of job creation policies in each district, enabled by central state planning, has gradually disintegrated. The self-organization of the complex economic system has created a new spatial equilibrium with the concentration of economic complexity in the newly created capital city Bratislava and several regional centers.
Authors: Oto Hudec, Marcela Káčerová, Slavomir Ondoš
Published in: Demografie
Abstract: Population ageing in the United States has resulted in a substantial increase in retiree households. Understanding consumer behaviour among older individuals is crucial for assessing their well-being and living conditions. This study emphasises the importance of recognising the unique needs and preferences of older consumers, as their consumption patterns have a significant influence on household expenditures. While the stereotype of frugal retirees has evolved and active seniors are now portrayed as high spenders, the Covid-19 pandemic highlighted seniors’ practical and realistic approach to their spending and challenged the popular notion of a lifestyle of forever-young seniors. Seniors still prioritise essential goods and services. During the pandemic, health-related expenditures increased, and they adapted their leisure activities to home-based alternatives. Our study investigates whether pre-retirees and retirees have shifted from prioritising retirement savings to focusing on essential needs like healthcare and housing, or whether they are allocating resources for experiences and travel to enhance their quality of life before and after retirement. Seniors exhibit distinct consumption patterns, with higher expenditures on health, personal care, and leisure activities than younger age groups. Consequently, businesses and policymakers need to develop strategies that account for the diverse consumption patterns of seniors, rather than assuming they will adopt the preferences of younger generations. The silver economy represents a dynamic and expanding market, particularly in the health and social care sector, offering substantial opportunities for investment.
